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Surplus cash generated from company’s basic operations without regard to income tax entries such as depreciation and amortization. Changes in levels of inventories, accounts receivable and accounts payable also affect cash flow. Also see Free Cash Flow. 

Not the same as operating income. See pro forma earnings. 

Sales minus all expenses except income taxes and other items not related to basic business.

Operating income divided by sales.

All options of the same type, either calls or puts, that have the same underlying security.

A set pattern of months when a class of options expires.

Part of the capital market established to buy and sell short-term financial obligations. These include federal government treasury bills, short-term Government of Canada bonds, commercial paper, bankers’ acceptances and guaranteed investment certificates. Longer-term securities are also traded in the money market when their term shortens to three years.

A real estate investment trust (REIT) whose primary business is investing in real estate loans. 

As of the last date of the last reported fiscal quarter.

The average closing price of a stock over a specified period. For instance, the 10-day MA is the average closing price for the past 10 days. Stocks are said to be in an uptrend when above their MA and in a downtrend when below. The most widely followed MAs are 50 days and 200 days. Long-term investors tend to look at the 200-day MA while active traders are more likely to pay attention to the 50-day MA. Many investors look at both. As a general rule, it’s best to avoid stocks trading below both their 50- and 200-day MAs.