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A security that features an option for the holder to require the issuer to redeem it, subject to specified terms and conditions.

Analyst working for mutual fund or other institutional investor. We don’t usually get to see their reports.

After tax income (latest 12 months) divided by total of shareholder’s equity plus long term debt, plus other long term liabilities.

If a broker fails to deliver securities sold to another broker on the settlement date, the receiving broker may buy the securities at the current market price of the stock and charge the delivering broker the cost difference of such a purchase.

The total amount of funds generated by a business.

To an economist, capital means machinery, factories and inventory required to produce other products. To investors, capital means their cash plus the financial assets they have invested in securities, their home and other fixed assets.

This is where a company reduces the number of outstanding shares by decreasing the number of available shares and combining their value into the fewer shares. This has the effect of increasing the stock’s par value. This is often used by companies whose stock is about to be delisted from an exchange because of its low price.

Profit or loss resulting from the sale of certain assets classified under the federal income tax legislation as capital assets. This includes stocks and other investments such as investment property.

A transaction or series of transactions that includes a securities issuance made by a listed issuer to parties vending securities or other assets into the listed issuer (the new security’s holders), such that after completion of the transaction(s), the new security’s holders will own more than 50% of the outstanding voting securities of the listed issuer, with an accompanying change of control of the listed issuer. A reverse takeover (RTO)/backdoor listing can be completed through various transactions, including a business or asset acquisition, an amalgamation, a plan of arrangement, or other form of reorganization. The listing of securities of an issuer formed in accordance with an RTO/backdoor listing is treated as a new listing.

Balance sheet liability reflecting lease payments due for the term of the lease.