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The highest price a buyer is willing to pay for a stock. When combined with the ask price information, it forms the basis of a stock quote.

The price paid per $100 of a debt instrument’s face value traded. A debt instrument trading at par would have a price of $100. A price below face value (for example, $99.1) indicates that the debt instrument has traded at a discount. A price above face value (for example, $101.1) indicates that the debt instrument has traded at a premium.

These are reversal patterns. It is a decline or advance twice to the same level (plus or minus 3%). It indicates support or resistance at that level. These are signature patterns that are playable with little or no confirmation.

Cash or stock paid to shareholders, usually on a quarterly schedule.

The aggregate size in board lots of the most recent bid to buy a particular security.

A trade is on a downtick when the last trade occurred at a price lower than the previous one.

Total long term debt divided by total shareholder equity.

Investing a fixed amount of dollars in a specific security at regular set intervals over a period of time. Dollar cost averaging results in a lower average cost per share, compared with purchasing a constant number of shares at set intervals. The investor buys more shares when the price is low and buys fewer shares when the price is high.

A model used to estimate the price of an option.

Total (short and long term) debt divided by total shareholder equity.