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A security issue that is newly added to the list of tradable security issues of an exchange. It is accompanied with a new listing date.

Occurs concurrently with the posting of the new issuer’s securities for trading. The preconditions for listing include the acceptance by the Exchange that all listing requirements and conditions have been satisfied. The effective listing date is the date when the listed securities open for trading.

An IPO (initial public offering) is an issuer’s first offering of its securities made to the public in accordance with a prospectus. The offering is often made in conjunction with an issuer’s initial application for listing on an exchange.

A seller of an option contract who does not own a position in the underlying security.

The difference between the previous day’s closing price and the last traded price.

The difference between a company’s or individual’s total assets and its total liabilities. Also known as shareholders’ equity for a company.

When two or more indicators, indexes, or averages, fail to show confirming trends.

A disclosure system that facilitates certain Canadian-U.S. cross-border securities offerings, issuer bids and takeover bids. It is intended to reduce costly duplication of disclosure requirements and other filings when issuers from one country register securities offerings in the other. Under the rules, eligible cross-border offerings are governed by the disclosure requirements of the issuer’s home country.

Orders placed before the market opens to buy or sell shares of stocks when their options expire. These orders are guaranteed a complete fill at the opening price to offset expiring options. They must be ordered between 4:15 p.m. and 5:00 p.m. on the Thursday before the third Friday of each month.

The average closing price of a stock over a specified period. For instance, the 10-day MA is the average closing price for the past 10 days. Stocks are said to be in an uptrend when above their MA and in a downtrend when below. The most widely followed MAs are 50 days and 200 days. Long-term investors tend to look at the 200-day MA while active traders are more likely to pay attention to the 50-day MA. Many investors look at both. As a general rule, it’s best to avoid stocks trading below both their 50- and 200-day MAs.