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A company estimates the future profitability of a trade made today and books a profit today based on the present value of those estimated future profits.

Number of shares outstanding including options granted but not yet exercised.

Analyzing stocks by looking at earnings, sales, profit margins, etc. 

Used instead of earnings to evaluate real estate investment trusts (REITs). Depreciation of real estate that was deducted from earnings is added back in to calculate FFO. Any gains or losses from the sale of real estate is also removed. 

An interruption in trading on a stock, triggered when an order violates parameters set by TSX.

Frequency refers to the given time period on an intraday, daily, weekly, monthly, quarterly or yearly perspective. Typically, choosing a weekly or monthly perspective when looking at several years of data makes it easier to identify long-term trends. Daily charts are useful for active traders and short-term time period charts.The “Daily”, “1-Minute”, “5-Minute”, “15-Minute” and “Hourly” frequency are used for intraday charts and the remaining choices are applicable to end-of-day charts. This term refers to a TSX Group Historical Performance charting feature.

A stockbroker offering investment advice and other services not usually offered by discount brokers.

A flying plateau is a pattern that forms after a stock has made a strong move up. Strong stocks will consolidate gains sometimes in a flat, sideways pattern in a tight range instead of selling back. This is a very bullish pattern, especially if it is formed on low volume. Picture a 45 degree rise and then a move sideways for several sessions. Strong stocks tend to rest in these patterns, and then start another leg up.

Operating cash flow minus amounts spent on plants and equipment and minus dividends. 

The last price multiplied by the number of outstanding shares.